Born Aberdeen Scotland, Presbyterian. Enlisted 6 October (or 22 November) 1915 age 24, horse driver. Nok wife, Mabel Marr, Keane St, Cottesloe Beach. Embarked from Melbourne 25 October 1916 A38 Ulysses. In 1916 he qualified as a farrier at the School for Farriers, Romsey, England. In France 1917. RTA 1 June 1919 per SS Somali Discharged 16 August 1919. Service medals: BWM and VM.